CA Foundation Complete Syllabus - Best CA Foundation Classes in Punjab

CA Foundation Complete Syllabus – Best CA Foundation Classes in Punjab

CA Foundation Subjects

There are total four subjects in CA Foundation Course given below:

Paper Number	Paper Name	Marks
Paper 1	Principles and Practice of Accounting	100
Paper 2	Business Laws, Business Correspondence and Reporting	Business Laws – 60 Marks, BCR – 40 Marks
Paper 3	Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning, and Statistics	B.Maths – 40 Marks, Logical Reasoning – 20 Marks, Statistics – 40 Marks
Paper 4	Business Economics, Business and Commercial Knowledge	100 Marks

Principles and Practice of Accounting - Paper 1 (Complete Details)

1.Theoretical Framework

Meaning and Scope of accounting
Accounting Concepts, Principles and Conventions
Accounting terminology – Glossary
Capital and revenue expenditure, Capital and revenue receipts, Contingent assets and contingent liabilities
Accounting Policies
Accounting as a Measurement Discipline – Valuation Principles, Accounting Estimates
Accounting Standards – Concepts and Objectives
Indian Accounting Standards – Concepts and Objective

2. Accounting Process

Books of Accounts
Preparation of Trial Balance
Rectification of Errors

3. Bank Reconciliation Statement

Introduction, reasons, preparation of bank reconciliation statement.

4. Inventories

Technique of inventory valuation and record keeping.

5. Concept and Accounting of Depreciation

Concepts, Methods of computation and accounting treatment of depreciation, Change in depreciation methods.

6. Accounting for Special Transactions

Bills of exchange and promissory notes
Sale of goods on approval or return basis
Consignments
Average due Date
Account Current

7. Final Accounts of Sole Proprietors

Elements of financial statements, Closing Adjustment Entries, Trading Account, Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet of Manufacturing and Non-manufacturing entities.

8. Partnership Accounts

Final Accounts of Partnership Firms
Admission, Retirement and Death of a Partner including Treatment of Goodwill
Introduction to LLPs and Distinction of LLPs from Partnership.

9. Financial Statements of Not-for-Profit Organizations

Significance of Receipt and Payment Account, Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet, Difference between Profit and Loss Account and Income and Expenditure Account. Preparation of Receipt and Payment Account, Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet.

10. Introduction to Company Accounts

Definition of shares and debentures
Issue of shares and debentures, forfeiture of shares, re-issue of forfeited shares
Statement of Profit and Loss and Balance Sheet as per Schedule III to the Companies Act,

Business Laws, Business Correspondence and Reporting - Paper 2 (Complete details)

Section A – Business Laws

Contents

1. The Indian Contract Act, 1872: An overview of Sections 1 to 75 covering the general nature of contract, consideration, other essential elements of a valid contract, performance of contract, breach of contract, Contingent and Quasi Contract.

2. The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Formation of the contract of sale, Conditions and Warranties, Transfer of ownership and delivery of goods, Unpaid seller and his rights.

3. The Indian Partnership Act, 1932: General Nature of Partnership, Rights and duties of partners, Reconstitution of firms, Registration and dissolution of a firm.

4. The Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008: Introduction- covering nature and scope, Essential features, Characteristics of LLP, Incorporation and Differences with other forms of organizations.

5. The Companies Act, 2013 : Essential features of company, corporate veil theory, Classes of companies, types of share capital, Incorporation of company, Memorandum of Association, Articles of Association, Doctrine of Indoor Management

NOTE If new legislations are enacted in place of the existing legislations, the syllabus would include the corresponding provisions of such new legislations with effect from dates notified by the Institute.

Section B – Business Correspondence And Reporting

Contents

Part I

1.Communication

Types
Directions
Network
Process
Problems
Barriers
Types of Communication

Interpersonal Skills

Listening Skills

Emotional Intelligence

Exercises with Answers

Part II: Sentence Types and Word Power

2. Sentence Types (Direct-Indirect, Active-Passive Speech)

Sentence: Definition
Classification of sentence based on connotation

Assertive sentences

Interrogative sentences

Imperative sentences

Exclamatory sentences

Optative sentences

Sentence Structure

Subject and Predicate

Verb (Auxiliary, Finite)

Object (Direct , Indirect)

Complement

Adjunct or Adverbial

Clause Structure

Types of Clauses

Independent clauses

Dependent clauses

Relative or noun clauses

Types of sentences

Simple sentence

Compound sentence

Complex sentence

Compound-complex sentence

Direct-Indirect Speech

Introduction

Procedure for converting Direct speech into Indirect speech

Rules for converting Direct speech into Indirect speech

Change in pronouns

Change in tenses

Change in modals

Changes for Imperative sentences

Changes for Exclamatory sentences

Changes for Interrogative sentences

Punctuation in Direct speech

Rules for converting Indirect speech into Direct speech

Active Passive Voice: Introduction

Usage : Active Vs passive voice

Reasons for using Passive voice

Changing Passive voice to Active voice

Changing Active voice to Passive voice

Suggestions for using Active and Passive voice

Verbs Voice: Active or passive

3. Vocabulary Root Words, Synonyms, Antonyms, Prefixes, Suffixes), Phrasal verbs, Collocations & Idioms

Introduction
Significance of improving vocabulary
How to improve vocabulary
Root words
Synonyms and Antonyms
Words formed by using Prefixes
Words formed by using Suffixes
Phrasal verbs
Collocations
Idioms

Part III: Comprehension Passages and Note Making

4. Comprehension Passages

Introduction to Comprehension Passages
Points to ponder
Sample Passages with answers

5. Note Making

Introduction to Note Making
Significance of Note Making
Detailed Format Heading(Title)

- - Sub-heading
  - Indentation
  - Points
  - Use of abbreviations
  - Summary
  - Content
  - Expression

Steps to Comprehend and summarize text
Helpful Hints
Sample Passages with Notes

Part IV: Developing Writing Skills

6. Introduction to Basic Writing

Introduction
Process of writing
Styles of Writing
Significance of writing skills for students
Writing Conventions
Characteristics of good writing
Do’s and Don’ts of good writing
Exercises with Answers Hints

7. Précis Writing

What is Précis writing?
Features of good Précis writing
How to write a Précis
Do’s and Don’ts of Précis writing
Examples(Passages with Précis)
Exercises with Answers

8. Article Writing

What is an Article?
Essential elements of Article Writing
Detailed Format

- - Title
  - By- Writer’s Name
  - Body

Introduction
Main Idea-Support
Conclusion

Sample Articles

Exercises with Answers

9. Report Writing

What is a Report?
Essential elements of Report Writing
Kinds of Reports

- - Reporting for a Meeting/Assembly
  - Reporting for a Newspaper
  - Reporting for a Magazine

Detailed Format for (iii) above

- - Title
  - By- Writer’s Name
  - Place, Date
  - Body

What
When
Where
Who
How

Tips and Conventions of Report Writing

Sample Reports

Exercises with Answers Clues

10. Writing Formal Letters

Types of Letters

- - Circulars
  - Complaints
  - Memos
  - Promotional Content
  - Sales
  - Recovery/Remittances

Detailed format for (I) above

- - Date
  - Salutation
  - Subject
  - Body of the letter

First paragraph
Second paragraph

Complimentary Closure

Points to Remember

Sample Letters

Exercises with Answers Clues

11. Writing Formal Mails

How to Write a Formal Mail?
Writing Effective Mails
Essential elements of Mails

- - Subject line
  - Formal Greetings
  - Target Audience(Reader)
  - Clarity and Conciseness
  - Formal Closing
  - Proof read
  - Feedback

Tips and Conventions of Mails

Sample Mails

Exercises with Answers Clues

12. Resume Writing

Essential Elements of Resume

- - - Name and contact details
    - Objective Summary
    - Academic Qualifications and Achievements
    - Co-curricular Achievements
    - Training Programs attended/completed
    - Strengths
    - Interests/Hobbies
    - Declaration
    - Signature

Resume Writing Tips and Conventions

Sample Resumes

Exercises with Answers Clues

13. Meetings

Notice
Agenda
Drafting minutes
Action Taken Report
Exercises with Answers

Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning, and Statistics - Paper 3 (Complete details)

Contents

Part A: Business Mathematics

1. Ratio and Proportion, Indices and Logarithms

Ratio and Proportion (Business Applications related to Ratio and Proportion) Laws of Indices, Exponents and Logarithms and Anti Logarithms.

2. Equations and Matrices

- Equations: Simultaneous linear equations up to three variables, Quadratic and Cubic equations in one variables.
- Matrices: Algebra of Matrices, Inverse of a Matrix and determinants, solving system of equations by Cramer’s Rule (involving not more than three variables).

3. Linear Inequalities with Objective Functions and Optimization w.r.t. objective function.

4. Time value of Money

- Simple Interest
- Compound interest
- Depreciation
- Effective Rate of Interest
- Present Value
- Net Present Value
- Future Value
- Perpetuity
- Annuities
- Sinking Funds
- Valuation of Bonds
- Calculations of Returns
  - Nominal Rate of Return
  - Effective Rate of Return
  - Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR).

5. Permutations and Combinations

Basic concepts of Permutations and Combinations: Introduction, Factorial, Permutations results, Circular Permutations, Permutations with restrictions, Combinations with standard results.

6. Sequence and Series

Introduction Sequences, Series, Arithmetic and Geometric progression, Relationship between AM and GM and Sum of n terms of special series

7. Sets, Relations and Functions

8.Basic applications of Differential and Integral calculus (Excluding the trigonometric applications), Applications of Marginal Cost and Marginal Revenue .

Part B: Logical Reasoning

Number series, Coding and Decoding and odd man
Direction Tests
Seating Arrangements
Blood Relations

Part C: Statistics

1. Statistical description of Data

Statistical Representation of Data, Diagrammatic representation of data, Frequency distribution, Graphical representation of Frequency Distribution – Histogram, Frequency Polygon, Ogive, Pie-chart.

2. Measures of Central tendency and Dispersion

Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion: Mean, Median, Mode, Mean Deviation, Quartiles and Quartile Deviation, Standard Deviation, Co-efficient of Variation, Coefficient of Quartile Deviation.

3. Probability

Probability: Independent and dependent events; mutually exclusive events. Total and Compound Probability and Mathematical Expectation.

4. Theoretical Distributions

Theoretical Distributions: Binomial Distribution, Poisson distribution – Basic application and Normal Distribution – Basic applications.

5. Correlation and Regression

Correlation and Regression: Scatter diagram, Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation Rank Correlation, Probable Error and Probable limits. Regression lines, Regression equations, Regression coefficients.

6. Index Numbers and Time Series

- Index Numbers: Uses of Index Numbers, Problems involved in construction of Index Numbers, Methods of construction of Index
- Time Series Analysis – Components of Time Series and Calculation of Trend by Moving Average

Business Economics, Business and Commercial Knowledge - Paper 4 (Complete details)

Part I – Business Economics

1. Introduction to Business Economics

- Meaning and scope of Business Economics
- Basic problems of an Economy and role of Price

2. Theory of Demand and Supply

- Meaning and determinants of demand, Law of demand and Elasticity of demand ─ Price, Income and Cross elasticity
- Theory of consumer’s behaviour – Marshallian approach and Indifference curve approach
- Demand Forecasting
- Meaning and determinants of supply, Law of supply and Elasticity of Supply.

3. Theory of Production and Cost

- Meaning and Factors of production
- Laws of Production – The Law of Variable Proportions and Laws of Returns to Scale, Producer’s equilibrium
- Concepts of Costs – Short-run and long-run costs, Average and marginal costs, Total, fixed and variable

4. Price Determination in Different Markets

- Various forms of markets – Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly
- Price determination in these

5. Business Cycles

- Meaning
- Phases
- Features
- Causes behind these

Part II – Business and Commercial Knowledge

1. Business and Commercial Knowledge – An Introduction

Nature of Business, Profession and Employment. Objectives of Business. Economic and Non-Economic Activities, Forms of Business Organizations.

2. Business Environment

Micro and Macro Environment, Elements of Micro Environment – Consumers/Customers, Competitors, Organization, Market, suppliers, Intermediaries, Elements of Macro Environment – Demographic, Economic, Political-legal, Socio-cultural, Technological, Global Environment.

3. Business Organizations

Overview of selected Indian and Global Companies.

4. Government Policies for Business Growth

Policies creating conducive business environment such as Liberalization, Privatization, Foreign Direct Investment.

5. Organizations Facilitating Business

Indian Regulatory Bodies – RBI, SEBI, CCI, IRDAI
Indian Development Banks – NABARD

6. Common Business Terminologies

Finance and Stock & Commodity Markets Terminology
Marketing Terminology
Banking Terminology
Other Business

(NOTE Students are expected to read at least one financial newspaper and one business magazine on a regular basis. They may also watch a business channel to remain updated about the developments related to commercial world.)